Explaining the Effects of Geotourism on the Development of Entrepreneurship in City- Village Ghori-Ghalhe with Structural Equation Approach

As today entrepreneurship is regarded as the economic development engine, development planners and policy makers are going to improve entrepreneurship through different ways
among the members of various communities. Due to the high capacity of tourism sample areas, Such as Ghori-Ghalhe Cave in attracting tourists, analyzing the effects of tourism on entrepreneurship index can lead to reinforcement of two key lever of development (Tourism and entrepreneurship) in host communities. This study is a descriptive-analytic research and, in terms of purpose, is regarded as an applied one. The statistical population is composed of all heads of households living in the rural town of Quri-Qalhe in which 200 samples were selected. The main research tool is an author-made questionnaire and its reliability and validity were proved in compliance with principles of scientific research. The results showed that five factors of economic effects, increasing the value of assets, environmental-infrastructure, culture and population are the most important geotourism   effects on residents of the study area, being able to explain about %72 of the variance of dependent variable. The results showed that mean score of entrepreneurship among households studied is 3/32 which is higher than average. Finally, the results of final model of fitted structural equation for geotourism   effect (as the independent variable of studdy) on entrepreneurship development (as dependent variable) among households of Quri-Qalhe showed that geotourism  , at a confidence level of 99%, has a significant effect on the development of entrepreneurship and its indicators so that the total effect of geotourism   on entrepreneurship in the study area is 0/475 with determination coefficient of 0.266.
Extended Abstract
1-Introduction
Tourism can be regarded as a tool for the development of urban and rural areas, for it not only can be considered as a new financial source which improve economic conditions of local population, but also be regarded as a source of poverty alleviation which increases employment. Moreover,  due to its natural considerable dynamism, tourism has a significant effect on the tendency of people for entrepreneurship. According to the findings of other studies, tourism has had a considerable effect on the development of entrepreneurship and its indicators, leading to significant positive effects on host societies, including residents City- Village of Ghori-Ghalhe.
Generally, due to the importance of entrepreneurship and tourism in the economic development of communities and positive effect of tourist on entrepreneurship, it seems necessary and logical to study and explain the influence of tourism entrepreneurship on the areas which are likely to have high capacity of tourism. The aforesaid action will be really necessary, especially for the areas which, in term of development indicators, are in inappropriate situation (including City- Village of Ghori-Ghalhe). So, this study aims to find out whether the present current of tourism in the Ghori-Ghalhe geo sites has been effective enough for the development of entrepreneurship and its indexes in City- Village of Ghori-Ghalhe. This leads to pose the following questions: what effects does Ghori-Ghalhe Cave geosite have on its residents? and how much do the residents benefit from entrepreneurship features?
2-Materials and Methods
The study, in terms of methodology, is a descriptive-analytic research and, in terms of purpose, is an applied one. The statistical population is composed of all heads of households living in the rural town of QuriQalheof in which 200 samples were selected. The main research tool is an author-made questionnaire whose reliability and validity were proved in compliance with principles of scientific research. SPSS and Amos, Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory tests, frequency distribution tables, and ... were used to analyze the data.
3- Results and Discussion
The results indicate that five factors, including economic effects, increasing the value of assets, environmental-infrastructure, culture and population, are the most important geotourism effects on the residents that could explain about %72 of the variance of dependent variable. The results showed that the mean score of entrepreneurship among households is 3/32, higher than average. Finally, the results of final model of fitted structural equation for geotourism effect (as the independent variable of studdy) on entrepreneurship development (as dependent variable) among households of QuriQalhe showed that geotourism, at a confidence level of 99%, has a significant effect on the development of entrepreneurship and its indicators. Therefore, the total effect of geotourism  on entrepreneurship in the study area is 0/475 with determination coefficient of 0.266.
 
4- Conclusion
Regarding considerable effect of entrepreneurship, the studies show that tourism and its dimensions, especially geotourism, are called the most important developmental tools in the world, for tourism is the biggest and fastest industry worldwide having increasing and endless growth.
Studies have proved that there are various strategies to solve the economic and social problems of communities. Entrepreneurship and tourism with its various dimensions, are the most important strategies in the development of different societies, particularly the areas which are in bad conditions in term of development parameters, although they have the ability and considerable potential to activate Local economies. So current study has been done to evaluate the effect of geotourism on entrepreneurship in City- Village of Ghori-Ghalhe, that is in an unfavorable situation in terms of the components of development, especially in the field of employment. As a matter of fact,  this explanation can provide  appropriate scientific bed for future planning related the study area and other similar areas.
In total, due to the significance of geotourism effect on entrepreneurship, and its importance in the development of local communities, characteristic of entrepreneurship can be improved by proper management and efficient geotourism in City- Village of Ghori-Ghalhe, along with downtime benefit from the benefits of geotourism,