An Analysis on Tendency Components on Strategic Approach in the Process of Urban Planning in Iran

Abstract
Strategic approach is a new approach to urban planning theory that has replaced approaches such as Centralized and systematic planning in the early seventies of the twentieth century. Cycle approach, process and partnership, as an appropriate model, can replace centralized approach to comprehensive planning features uncompromising and unrealistic used in developing countries, including our country. A collection of study library and reference documents relevant original research were used. Moreover, experts’ points of view were applied to evaluate the research of survey questionnaires and interviews. It is worth noting that some surveys were in writing format (using email), while some were done in person. After the polls and editing them, different opinions were categorized and analyzed. Furthermore, one sample T and linear regression analysis and logarithmic are used to analyze the data statistically. The research findings reveal that Attitude - Knowledge Factors based on expert opinion is obtained due to the low base for its difference from the average trend toward greater priority to strategic planning and secondly, the fourth component of the attitude - knowledge, normative - behavior, communication and formal - institutional significant affect the process of change and acceptance of Iran's strategic approach directly in urban planning.
Extended Abstract
1-Introduction
Urbanization and the subsequent problems of urbanization emphasize the attention to strategy and useful remedy more than before in order to improve the lives of citizens. In this regard, urban master plan was presented to promote urban conditions, control urban development, economic and social trends in different parts of the synchronization system, according to Environmental Quality and spheres of influence based on understanding the natural, social, economic cities. Unfortunately, this plan has not been successful in achieving their goals, for the initial patterns of these projects is understanding the patterns and experiences of other countries. Although these designs with the technical preparations have been prepared, and the positive effects of zoning and building rules, regulations and the improvement of urban life, they could not achieve the goals due to various reasons. As existing studies suggest, comprehensive plans have achieved less than 60% of their goals in most of the cities.
In this regard, accompanied by the shortcomings and problems caused by urban development plan based on a holistic approach and focus, organization and management entities also face  problems in decision making process. Studying the basic principles of management with respect to the barriers to changes, it can be deduced that changes to improve performance management organizations at every level needs to identify obstacles and routes. However, by extending this concept to cities and urban management, as influential organizations in the management and urban planning, major obstacles can be seen, especially in Third World cities.
Besides, according to the needs and issues in our country, not only in the planning of urban development but also in management, there is a need for serious changes to concede interested transition to flexible approaches, and strategic partnerships.  Strategic approach is a new approach to urban planning theory that has replaced the approaches such as Centralized and systematic planning in the early seventies of the twentieth century. Cycle approach, process and partnership as an appropriate model can replaced centralized approach to comprehensive planning features uncompromising and unrealistic used in developing countries, including our country.
2-Materials and Methods
The required data and information were collected in two ways, including measuring and library survey. The survey questionnaire was used, too. Analytical data from the ideas of 30 experts related to the field of study were collected. Besides the statistical models are used to analyze the data obtained from single-sample T (One T sample test) and linear regression analysis (Linear. R) and logarithmic (Logarithmic. R).
3-Results and Discussion
 The results show that institutional measures to do the strategic planning and management (mean- 0/71505), degree of connectivity (with mean- 0/822), the norms and behaviors (with a mean difference of- 0/93548), and the standard of knowledge - attitude (with mean1 /14516) effective strategic planning role, which according to it can contribute to sustainable urban development. However, today we see that in developed countries, the strategic plan has been replaced by the comprehensive plan. Such an approach is needed to overcome the obstacles to reach this bottom-up participatory approach.
4-Conclusion
  The research findings signify the attitude - knowledge factors based on expert opinion obtained due to the low base for its difference from the average trend toward greater priority to strategic planning and secondly, the fourth component of the attitude - knowledge, normative - behavior, communication and formal - institutional significant effect directly on the process of change and acceptance of Iran's strategic approach in urban planning.