Studying the Structural-Physical-Spatial Improvement and its Impact on the Psychological Environment (Comfort) of the People in Kermanshah

The lack of precise planning to improve the physical-spatial structure of cities brings a lack of relaxation and quality of life for citizens as governments and urban planners today seek to improve living in urban areas against this heterogeneity .The present study investigates the physical-spatial structural improvement and its impact on the mental and psychological environment of Kermanshah people. Library document and original references related to the subject under study were used to gather background and theoretical background of the study subject. Besides, a survey questionnaire was used to assess the attitudes and opinions of research experts. After the opinion polls were edited, various opinions were categorized and analyzed. Fuzzy Vikor model and linear regression analysis path analysis were used to analyze the research data. The results show that the indicators of impact of public transport circuits, the effect of organizing environmental and urban publicity elements, the effect of refining, organizing and beautifying public landscapes, and the readability of visual milestones and urban signs are the fuzziest coefficients. They have a strong role in promoting the mental and psychological health of urban people in the area. Moreover, the findings of statistical analysis and path analysis model show that there is a positive and significant relationship between independent variables (age, sex, marital status, education, occupation, income, length of residence) and dependent variable (feeling of peace of mind). The overall results indicated that there was a significant relationship among the indicators, but there was no significant relationship between the duration of residence, in one hand, and age and mental and psychological well-being, on the other hand.
Extended Abstract
1-Introduction
The increasing expansion of cities has led to rapid development measures, and as a result of these rapid actions, cities are inevitably undergoing changes. One of the most important changes in the physical-spatial structure of cities is the lack of understanding and understanding of the physical-spatial structure of cities and their inability to maintain, revive, and organize. Therefore, the awareness and mastery of urban planners and policymakers on the past and present structure of cities, necessitates the physical and spatial organization of cities. It is communication and they have an interactive effect. In particular, the physical-spatial structure has a greater impact on people's spirit.
Evaluating the study of physical-spatial structure improvement and its effect on Kermanshah people's mental space, the present study tries to emphasize the necessity of applying physical-spatial structural improvement in Kermanshah people's mental space process. In this sense, the key components of physical-spatial structure are identified first and then the role of these factors in the realization and implementation of Kermanshah people's psychological environment is evaluated and analyzed. Therefore, urban planners can apply a new approach to create a space that is compatible with the psyche of the people, avoiding traditional attitudes. In recent years, the turbulence of the physical-spatial and urban spatial structure has caused insecurity and deprivation of the people's spirit. Given this, many scholars, planners and researchers have focused on it explaining its importance and importance.
2-Materials and Methods
According to the main purpose of the research, data collection was done in two ways: 1. library method (articles, journals, journals, internet, etc.), in which the necessary information on physical-spatial structure and people's comfort were identified. 2. Survey Method: To obtain quantitative research information, a questionnaire was designed based on extracted indices (aesthetic, functional, environmental). Experts in this field confirmed the validity of the researcher-made questionnaire; its reliability was obtained by Cronbach's alpha, with a reliability of 0.88. The population of the study is urban experts (municipality, beautification department, etc.) who were selected randomly using Delphi technique. Fuzzy Vicker test, statistical analysis (linear regression, Pearson correlation) step by step were applied to analyze the data. First, through a library study, \ theories were collected, then a questionnaire (Likert spectrum) was used to determine the status of the physical-spatial structure, with a view to identify the characteristics of the study area and expert opinion. The comfort of Kermanshah citizens was provided. Having collected the information about research variables, the questionnaires were completed by specialists in the study area in SPSS software. The correlation coefficients and rankings of each variable in relation to physical-spatial structure were analyzed. Path analysis was used to finalize the indices. The research indicators were identified and analyzed using the theoretical foundations of the research in the form of three indices and 34 sub-indices.
3-Results and Discussion
Creating mental and social peace in society has many dimensions, including the essence of human existence and culture. In order to have a mental relaxation in the city, one has to consider different aspects, including the physical-spatial structure of the city, urban furniture, green space, architecture of houses, etc., all of which are interdependent. Besides, each one will help each other, which is why city planners and managers need to plan to create a comfortable physical-spatial structure in the city providing the mental and psychological peace of the citizens. According to the statistical tests and multivariate models used in the present study, it is revealed that there is a significant relationship between the improvement of spatial physical structure and the psychological (functional, aesthetic, and environmental) components, such that the more attention is paid to the physical structure of space, the greater the mental peace of the people in the city. The current situation shows that the improvement of the spatial physical structure and its impact on the spirit of the citizens are in a favorable position in most of the indicators. In the present study, it is necessary to note that the necessary framework for the acceptance of appropriate physical structure according to the mental and psychological comfort of the people in our country, especially in Kermanshah, is not provided, and in this regard, the failure of economic and social infrastructure of urban planning. The disparities in the urban planning and urban management system of the country, the weaknesses of local government foundations and the areas of participatory, and ultimately the weaknesses in urban planning and management. These results can be expressed as components in a holistic and hierarchical way in the present study including the areas that express the challenges of physical-spatial structure in Kermanshah. In order to institutionalize the physical-spatial structure appropriate to the mental and psychological well-being of the citizens, the necessary background must be provided in order to be efficient and sustainable in keeping with the physical-spatial structure of the world.
4-Conclusion
The results show that the indicators of the impact of public transport circulation, the effect of organizing environmental and urban advertising elements, the effect of improving, organizing and beautifying public landscapes, and reading the visual milestones and urban signs are the fuzziest coefficient which has a significant role in promoting the mental and mental health of the urban population in the area. Moreover, the findings of statistical analysis and path analysis model show that there is a positive and significant relationship between independent variables (age, sex, marital status, education, occupation, income, length of stay) and dependent variable (feeling of peace of mind). The overall results indicated that there was a significant relationship among the indicators.